Ex: -2, -1, 1, 0, 1, 2, etc.
2. long: same as int. The only difference is that it can handle unlimited size.
Ex: 98754632154568754555545545821
3. float: numbers with decimal points
Ex: 5546.2563, 78546.25634, etc.
4. complex numbers: complex numbers are of the form x + yj, where 'x' and 'y' are floats and 'j' represents imaginary number.
j = square root of -1.
Addition of Numbers in python
# let's try with integer data type
num1 = 100
num2 = 152
sum_of_num1_and_num2 = num1 + num2
print("num1 + num2 = ", sum_of_num1_and_num2)
# Output: num1 + num2 = 252
# let's try with float data type
num1 = 100.55
num2 = 152.23
sum_of_num1_and_num2 = num1 + num2
print("num1 + num2 = ", sum_of_num1_and_num2)
# Output: num1 + num2 = 252.77999999999997
# lets try with float and integer
num1 = 152
num2 = 189.1121
print(num1 + num2)
# Output: 341.1121
# python automatically converts the integer to float and then it performs addition on numbers
complex1 = 123 + 50j
complex2 = 100 + 55j
print(complex1 + complex2)
# Output: (223+105j)
Subtraction of Numbers in python
python automatically converts the integer to float and then it performs addition on numbers
# let's try with integer data type
num1 = 100
num2 = 152
difference = num1 - num2
print("num1 - num2 = ", difference)
# Output: num1 - num2 = -52
# let's try with float data type
num1 = 100.55
num2 = 152.23
difference = num1 - num2
print("num1 - num2 = ", difference)
# Output: num1 - num2 =
# lets try with float and integer
num1 = 152
num2 = 189.1121
print(num1 - num2)
# Output: -37.1121
complex1 = 123 - 50j
complex2 = 100 - 55j
print(complex1 - complex2)
# Output: (23+5j)
Division of Numbers in python
# integer data type
num1 = 10
num2 = 3
print(num1/num2)
# Output: 3
# float division
num1 = 152.33
num2 = 12.55
print(num1/num2)
# Output: 12.1378486056
print(25.5/3)
# Output: 8.5
print(25/3)
# Output: 8
print(25/3.0)
# Output: 8.33333333333
print(25.0/3)
# Output: 8.33333333333
# Now, let's do complex numbers division
num1 = 12+2j
num2 = 10+2j
print(num/num2)
# Output: (1.1923076923076923-0.03846153846153849j)
print(num1/2)
# Output: (6+1j)
print(num1 / 2j)
# Output: (12+2j)
Multiplication of Numbers in python
# let's start with integers
num1 = 12
num2 = 6
print(num1 * num2)
# Output: 72
num1 = 2.5
num2 = 4
print(num1 * num2)
# Output: 10
num1 = 2.5 + 45j
num2 = 40 - 2j
print(num1 * num2)
# Output: (190+1795j)
How to get remainder with modulus "%" operator ?
num1 = 55
num2 = 2
remainder = num1 % num2
print(remainder)
# Output: remainder
How to convert string to number ?
s = "14"
# convert string to int
i = int(s)
print(i)
# Output: 14
# convert to float
f = float(s)
print(f)
# Output: 14.0
# convert to long
ln = long(s)
print(ln)
# Output: 14
# convert to complex
ln = complex(s)
print(ln)
# Output: (14+0j)
s = '3+2j'
n = complex(s)
print(ln)
# Output: (3+2j)
# Now, let's try Errors
s = "12.5"
n = int(s)
Output: ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '12.5'
n = int("12test")
# Output: ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '12test'
n = float("12+33j")
# Output: ValueError: invalid literal for float(): 12+33j
n = float("12+3")
# Output: ValueError: invalid literal for float(): 12+3
n = complex("12+33")
# Output: ValueError: complex() arg is a malformed string
How to round float to two or three decimal points ?
num = round(2.6463636263,2)
print (num)
# Output: 6.65
num = round(2.6463636263, 4)
print (num)
# Output: 2.6464
# we can do it with string format
s = "%.2f" % 3.14159
print(s)
# Output: '3.14'
s = "%.5f" % 3.1
print(s)
# Output: '3.10000'
s = "{0:.2f}".format(13.949999999999999)
print(s)
# Output: '13.95'
How to find "Floor" of a number in python ?
import math
n = math.floor(3.1)
print(n)
# Output: 3.0
n = math.floor(3.9)
print(n)
# Output: 3.0
How to find "Ceil" of a number in python ?
import math
n = math.ceil(3.1)
print(n)
# Output: 4.0
n = math.ceil(3.9)
print(n)
# Output: 4.0
